Landscaping Around the World: Spain

By: Rosalie Merriner

Welcome back to another installment of our Landscaping Around the World series! We’ve explored landscapes across Europe, North and South America, and Asia. Today, we’re heading back to Europe to take a closer look at Spanish landscaping.

Spain is made up of 17 unique regions, each with its own distinct architectural and landscape traditions. Today, we’re exploring the farmhouse landscapes of the Basque region. Traditionally known as Baserri, this style literally translates to farm—a fitting name for a landscape centered on rural living. The Baserri style emphasizes functionality, simplicity, and working with the natural environment rather than against it.

Masonry

Stonework is a defining feature of life in the Basque countryside. Because the region is mountainous, limestone is plentiful and incredibly durable, making it an ideal building material. Limestone has been used for centuries to construct homes, barns, walls, and other outdoor structures.

Dry-stacked stone walls are commonly used to divide fields and mark property lines, while homes and permanent structures are typically built with stone and finished with plaster for added stability and weather protection. Beyond its practicality, the natural texture and color of limestone help buildings blend seamlessly into the surrounding landscape. Even today, these timeless stone elements remain one of the most recognizable characteristics of the Baserri style.

Plant Choices

In the Baserri landscape, plant selections are guided by what is natural, productive, and useful. Fruits, vegetables, herbs, and flowers are chosen not only for their beauty but also for the role they play in everyday life. Here are a few plants commonly found in this style that can also thrive in Northern Nevada with proper care:

• Hydrangeas – One of the most iconic flowers of the Basque region, especially in coastal areas. Keep in mind that hydrangeas require consistent moisture and benefit from afternoon shade during hot summers.

• Hollyhocks – These tall, colorful flowers add classic cottage charm. As a bonus, the entire plant is edible and can be used in teas or salads, making it both beautiful and practical.

• Rosemary – This evergreen herb provides year-round texture in the garden while adding fresh flavor to meals. In Spain, rosemary is commonly used to season lamb, chicken, and potatoes.

• Oregano – A hardy herb that spreads readily over time. It’s often planted along walkways or borders where its fragrant leaves release their aroma when brushed against.

• Tomatoes – Often considered the highlight of the summer harvest, tomatoes are easy to grow and are traditionally planted close to the home for convenient harvesting.

• Plum Trees – Plum trees provide beauty throughout every season. Spring brings delicate white blossoms, summer offers cooling shade, late summer provides a delicious harvest, and winter showcases attractive branching structure.

Lawns and Meadows

Lawns and meadows in the Baserri style differ greatly from the traditional American lawn. Rather than expansive areas of perfectly manicured grass, a modest lawn is typically located near the home where it serves practical purposes such as children’s play, outdoor meals, and gathering spaces.

Shade and fruit trees are often planted directly within the lawn instead of being isolated in separate planting beds, creating a more natural and integrated appearance. Landscape edges are soft and informal, allowing the property to transition naturally into surrounding fields and forests.

Beyond the lawn, meadows may include wildflowers, hay fields, orchards, or grazing land. Every part of the landscape serves a purpose, reflecting the Baserri philosophy of making thoughtful use of the land instead of simply filling space.

Conclusion

The Baserri landscape reminds us that beauty and practicality can go hand in hand. Every stone wall, fruit tree, herb, and meadow has a purpose while still creating a warm, welcoming environment. Whether you incorporate a dry-stacked stone wall, plant a few productive herbs, or replace part of your lawn with a more natural planting area, the Basque farmhouse style offers timeless ideas that can be adapted to landscapes here in Northern Nevada. By embracing simplicity and working with nature, you can create an outdoor space that is both beautiful and functional for years to come.